Malinga ndi deta, batire imodzi ya batani ikhoza kuipitsa malita 600000 a madzi, omwe munthu angagwiritse ntchito moyo wake wonse. Ngati gawo la batire nambala 1 litaponyedwa m'munda momwe mbewu zimalimidwa, malo okwana mita imodzi ya sikweya ozungulira batire iyi adzakhala opanda kanthu. N’chifukwa chiyani anakhala chonchi? Chifukwa mabatire awa ali ndi zitsulo zambiri zolemera. Mwachitsanzo: zinc, lead, cadmium, mercury, ndi zina zotero. Zitsulo zolemerazi zimalowa m'madzi ndipo zimayamwa ndi nsomba ndi mbewu. Ngati anthu adya nsomba zodetsedwazi, nkhanu ndi mbewu, adzadwala poizoni wa Mercury ndi matenda a mitsempha yapakati, ndipo chiwerengero cha imfa chimafika pa 40%. Cadmium imadziwika kuti ndi Kalasi 1A Carcinogen.

Mabatire otayira zinthu ali ndi zitsulo zolemera monga mercury, cadmium, manganese, ndi lead. Pamwamba pa mabatirewo padzazizira chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mvula, zitsulo zolemera zomwe zili mkati mwake zidzalowa m'nthaka ndi pansi pa nthaka. Ngati anthu adya mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa m'nthaka yoipitsidwa kapena kumwa madzi oipitsidwa, zitsulo zolemera zimenezi zidzalowa m'thupi la munthu ndikuziika pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimaika pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa thanzi la anthu.

Pambuyo poti mercury yomwe ili m'mabatire otayira yadzaza, ngati italowa m'maselo a ubongo wa munthu, dongosolo la mitsempha lidzawonongeka kwambiri. Cadmium ikhoza kuwononga chiwindi ndi impso, ndipo pazochitika zazikulu, mafupa amawonongeka. Mabatire ena otayira amakhalanso ndi asidi ndi lead yachitsulo cholemera, zomwe zingayambitse kuipitsidwa kwa nthaka ndi madzi ngati zitalowa m'chilengedwe, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakhala zoopsa kwa anthu.
Njira yothandizira batri

1. Kugawa magulu
Chotsani batire yobwezerezedwanso, chotsani chipolopolo cha zinki ndi chitsulo chapansi pa batire, chotsani chivundikiro cha mkuwa ndi ndodo ya graphite, ndipo zinthu zakuda zotsalazo ndi chisakanizo cha Manganese dioxide ndi ammonium chloride zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko a batire. Sonkhanitsani zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa padera ndikuzikonza kuti mupeze zinthu zina zothandiza. Ndodo ya graphite imatsukidwa, kuumitsidwa, kenako imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati electrode.

2. Zinc granulation
Tsukani chipolopolo cha zinc chomwe chachotsedwacho ndikuchiyika mu mphika wachitsulo. Chitentheni kuti chisungunuke ndikuchisunga kutentha kwa maola awiri. Chotsani scum pamwamba pake, tsanulirani kuti chizizire, ndikuchiponya pa mbale yachitsulo. Pambuyo polimba, tinthu ta zinc timapezeka.

3. Kubwezeretsanso mapepala amkuwa
Mukamaliza kupukuta chivundikiro cha mkuwa, chitsukeni ndi madzi otentha, kenako onjezerani 10% sulfuric acid kuti chiwiritse kwa mphindi 30 kuti muchotse pamwamba pa oxide wosanjikiza. Chotsani, sambitsani, ndipo muumitse kuti mupeze mkanda wa mkuwa.

4. Kubwezeretsa kwa ammonium chloride
Ikani chinthu chakudacho mu silinda, onjezerani madzi ofunda a 60oC ndikusakaniza kwa ola limodzi kuti musungunule ammonium chloride yonse m'madzi. Muyiyimitse, sefa, ndikutsuka zotsalira za fyuluta kawiri, ndikusonkhanitsa mowa wa mayi; Madzi a mayi akaphikidwa mu vacuum distillation mpaka filimu yoyera ya kristalo iwonekere pamwamba, imaziziritsidwa ndikusefedwa kuti ipeze makristalo a ammonium chloride, ndipo mowa wa mayi umabwezeretsedwanso.

5. Kubwezeretsa kwa Manganese dioxide
Tsukani zotsalira za fyuluta yosefedwa ndi madzi katatu, zoseferani, ikani keke ya fyuluta mumphika ndikuyitentha ndi nthunzi kuti muchotse mpweya pang'ono ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe, kenako ikani m'madzi ndikusakaniza bwino kwa mphindi 30, zoseferani, pukutani keke ya fyuluta pa 100-110oC kuti mupeze mdima wa Manganese dioxide.

6. Kulimbitsa, kuyika maliro mozama, ndi kusungira m'migodi yosiyidwa
Mwachitsanzo, fakitale ku France imatulutsa nickel ndi cadmium kuchokera pamenepo, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo, pomwe cadmium imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mabatire. Mabatire ena onse otayira nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa ku malo apadera otayira zinyalala zoopsa komanso zoopsa, koma izi sizimangowononga ndalama zambiri, komanso zimayambitsa zinyalala, chifukwa pakadali zinthu zambiri zothandiza zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zopangira.