01 - lithiamu iron phosphate ikuwonetsa kukwera

Lithium batire ili ndi ubwino wa kukula kwazing'ono, kulemera kwake, kuthamanga mofulumira komanso kulimba. Itha kuwoneka kuchokera ku batire la foni yam'manja ndi batire yagalimoto. Pakati pawo, batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate ndi batire ya ternary ndi nthambi ziwiri zazikulu za batri ya lithiamu pakadali pano.

Pazofunikira zachitetezo, m'magalimoto onyamula anthu komanso magalimoto amtundu wapadera, batire yamphamvu ya lithiamu iron phosphate yokhala ndi mtengo wotsika, ukadaulo wokhwima komanso wotetezeka wazinthu wagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wapamwamba. Batire ya ternary lithiamu yokhala ndi mphamvu zapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto onyamula anthu. Muzolengeza zatsopano, gawo la mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate m'magalimoto onyamula anthu lakwera kuchoka pa 20% m'mbuyomu kufika pafupifupi 30%.

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi cathode pamabatire a lithiamu-ion. Ili ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta, imayamwa pang'ono chinyezi komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri othamangitsira pansi pazambiri. Ndilo cholinga cha kafukufuku, kupanga ndi chitukuko m'munda wa mphamvu ndi mphamvu yosungirako mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kapangidwe kake, batire ya lithiamu-ion yokhala ndi lifiyamu chitsulo phosphate monga zinthu zabwino zimakhala ndi madulidwe ocheperako, kufalikira kwapang'onopang'ono kwa lithiamu ion, komanso kutulutsa kosafunikira pakutentha kochepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto oyambilira azikhala otsika kwambiri omwe ali ndi batri ya lithiamu iron phosphate, makamaka pakutentha kochepa.

Pofuna kufunafuna yopambana kupirira mtunda, makamaka pambuyo ndondomeko sabuside wa magalimoto mphamvu zatsopano kuika patsogolo zofunika apamwamba galimoto kupirira mtunda, kachulukidwe mphamvu, mowa mphamvu ndi zina, ngakhale lithiamu chitsulo mankwala batire occupies msika kale, ternary lithiamu. batire yokhala ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamphamvu pang'onopang'ono yakhala msika waukulu wamsika wamagalimoto onyamula anthu. Zitha kuwonedwa kuchokera ku chilengezo chaposachedwa kuti ngakhale gawo la batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate m'magalimoto okwera lakweranso, gawo la batire la lithiamu ternary likadali pafupifupi 70%.

02 - chitetezo ndiye mwayi waukulu

Nickel cobalt aluminiyamu kapena faifi tambala cobalt manganese nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati zipangizo anode kwa ternary lithiamu mabatire, koma mkulu ntchito zipangizo osati kumabweretsa mkulu kachulukidwe mphamvu, komanso kumabweretsa ngozi chitetezo. Ziwerengero zosakwanira zikuwonetsa kuti mu 2019, kuchuluka kwa ngozi zoyaka moto zamagalimoto atsopano zidatchulidwa nthawi 14 kuposa zomwe zidachitika mu 2018, ndipo mitundu monga Tesla, Weilai, BAIC ndi Weima adayambitsa ngozi zodziwotcha motsatizana.

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku ngozi kuti moto umapezeka makamaka pakulipiritsa, kapena atangotsala pang'ono kulipira, chifukwa batri idzakwera kutentha pakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. Pamene kutentha kwa ternary lithiamu batire ndi pa 200 ° C, zinthu zabwino ndi zosavuta kuwola, ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni anachita kumabweretsa mofulumira matenthedwe kuthawa ndi kuyaka zachiwawa. Mapangidwe a olivine a lithiamu iron phosphate amabweretsa kukhazikika kwa kutentha, ndipo kutentha kwake kothawa kumafika 800 ° C, komanso kupanga mpweya wocheperako, kotero kumakhala kotetezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kutengera malingaliro achitetezo, mabasi amagetsi atsopano nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate, pomwe mabasi amagetsi atsopano omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a ternary lithiamu sangathe kulowa m'gulu la magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kuti akwezedwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Posachedwapa, magalimoto awiri amagetsi a Changan Auchan atengera batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate, yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi mabizinesi ambiri omwe amayang'ana magalimoto. Mitundu iwiri ya Changan Auchan ndi SUV ndi MPV. Xiong zewei, wachiwiri kwa manejala wamkulu wa Chang'an Auchan Research Institute, adauza mtolankhaniyo kuti: "Izi zikuwonetsa kuti Auchan walowa m'nthawi ya mphamvu yamagetsi patatha zaka ziwiri akuyesetsa."

Ponena za chifukwa chake batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito, Xiong adanena kuti chitetezo cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu nthawi zonse chakhala chimodzi mwa "zopweteka" za ogwiritsa ntchito, komanso zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mabizinesi. Poganizira izi, lifiyamu chitsulo mankwala batire paketi kunyamulidwa ndi galimoto latsopano anamaliza mayeso malire pa 1300 ° C lawi lamoto kuphika, - 20 ° C otsika kutentha kuyimirira, 3.5% mchere njira kuyimirira, 11 kn kukakamiza kunja, etc. ., ndipo akwaniritsa "anayi osawopa" njira yotetezera batire ya "osawopa kutentha, osawopa kuzizira, osawopa madzi, osawopa kukhudzidwa".

Malinga ndi malipoti, Changan Auchan x7ev ili ndi injini yokhazikika ya maginito yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yopitilira 150KW, yokhala ndi mtunda wopitilira 405 km ndi batri lalitali kwambiri la moyo wautali wokhala ndi nthawi 3000 zacharging cyclic. Pa kutentha kwabwino, zimangotenga theka la ola kuti muwonjezere kupirira kwa mtunda wopitilira 300 km. "M'malo mwake, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ma braking energy recovery system, kupirira kwagalimoto kumatha kufika pafupifupi 420 km m'malo ogwirira ntchito kumatauni." Xiong anawonjezera.

Malinga ndi dongosolo latsopano lachitukuko chamakampani amagetsi amagetsi (2021-2035) (Draft for comments) loperekedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamakampani ndiukadaulo wazidziwitso, kugulitsa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kudzawerengera pafupifupi 25% pofika 2025. Zitha kuwoneka kuti gawo la magalimoto atsopano amphamvu adzapitiriza kuwonjezeka m'tsogolomu. Munkhaniyi, kuphatikiza Chang'an Automobile, mabizinesi azikhalidwe odziyimira pawokha akufulumizitsa masanjidwe a msika wamagalimoto atsopano.