01 - lithiamu iron phosphate ikuwonetsa kukwera kwachuma

Batire ya Lithium ili ndi ubwino wokhala ndi kukula kochepa, kulemera kopepuka, kuchaja mwachangu komanso kulimba. Itha kuwoneka kuchokera ku batire ya foni yam'manja ndi batire yamagalimoto. Pakati pawo, batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate ndi batire ya ternary material ndi nthambi ziwiri zazikulu za batire ya lithiamu pakadali pano.

Pazofunikira zachitetezo, m'magalimoto onyamula anthu ndi magalimoto apadera, batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate yokhala ndi mtengo wotsika, ukadaulo wazinthu zokhwima komanso zotetezeka wagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wapamwamba. Batire ya ternary lithium yokhala ndi mphamvu zapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto onyamula anthu. Mu gulu latsopano la zolengeza, gawo la mabatire a lithiamu iron phosphate m'magalimoto onyamula anthu lawonjezeka kuchoka pa 20% kale kufika pa 30%.

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ndi imodzi mwa zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Ili ndi kutentha kokhazikika, chinyezi chochepa komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pakutulutsa mphamvu zamagetsi pansi pa mphamvu zonse. Ndi cholinga cha kafukufuku, kupanga ndi chitukuko m'munda wa mabatire a lithiamu-ion osungira mphamvu ndi mphamvu. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kapangidwe kake, batire ya lithiamu-ion yokhala ndi lithiamu iron phosphate ngati chinthu chabwino ili ndi mphamvu yotsika, kufalikira pang'onopang'ono kwa lithiamu ion, komanso kutulutsidwa kochepa pa kutentha kochepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto oyambirira okhala ndi batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate asamayende bwino, makamaka kutentha kochepa.

Pofuna kupeza njira yopitira patsogolo pa ulendo wopirira, makamaka pambuyo poti mfundo zothandizira magalimoto atsopano amphamvu zapereka zofunikira zapamwamba pa ulendo wopirira magalimoto, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi zina, ngakhale kuti batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate inalipo kale pamsika, batire ya ternary lithium yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri pang'onopang'ono yakhala msika waukulu wa magalimoto atsopano okwera mphamvu. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku chilengezo chaposachedwa kuti ngakhale kuti gawo la batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate m'magalimoto okwera lakweranso, gawo la batire ya lithiamu ternary likadali pafupifupi 70%.

02 - chitetezo ndiye phindu lalikulu

Nickel cobalt aluminiyamu kapena nickel cobalt manganese nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zoyatsira magetsi pamabatire a lithiamu a ternary, koma kugwira ntchito kwambiri kwa zinthuzo sikungobweretsa mphamvu zambiri, komanso kumabweretsa zoopsa zambiri zachitetezo. Ziwerengero zosakwanira zikuwonetsa kuti mu 2019, chiwerengero cha ngozi zoyatsira magetsi zamagalimoto atsopano chinatchulidwa nthawi 14 kuposa cha mu 2018, ndipo mitundu monga Tesla, Weilai, BAIC ndi Weima yakhala ikuyambitsa ngozi zoyatsira magetsi motsatizana.

Zikuoneka kuchokera ku ngozi kuti moto umachitika makamaka panthawi yochaja, kapena atangochaja, chifukwa batire imakwera kutentha panthawi yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Pamene kutentha kwa batire ya ternary lithium kuli pamwamba pa 200 ° C, zinthu zabwino zimakhala zosavuta kuwola, ndipo kupangika kwa okosijeni kumabweretsa kutentha kofulumira komanso kuyaka mwamphamvu. Kapangidwe ka olivine ka lithium iron phosphate kamabweretsa kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwake kothawirako kumafika 800 ° C, komanso kupanga mpweya wochepa, kotero kumakhala kotetezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kutengera zoganizira zachitetezo, mabasi atsopano amphamvu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithium iron phosphate, pomwe mabasi atsopano amphamvu ogwiritsa ntchito mabatire a ternary lithium sangathe kulowa mu kabukhu ka magalimoto atsopano amphamvu kuti akwezedwe ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi.

Posachedwapa, magalimoto awiri amagetsi a Changan Auchan agwiritsa ntchito batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate, yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi makampani ambiri a magalimoto omwe amayang'ana kwambiri magalimoto. Mitundu iwiri ya Changan Auchan ndi SUV ndi MPV. Xiong zewei, wachiwiri kwa manejala wamkulu wa Chang'an Auchan Research Institute, adauza mtolankhani kuti: "izi zikusonyeza kuti Auchan yalowa mwalamulo munthawi yamagetsi pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri zoyeserera."

Ponena za chifukwa chomwe batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate imagwiritsidwira ntchito, Xiong adati chitetezo cha magalimoto atsopano nthawi zonse chakhala chimodzi mwa "zovuta" za ogwiritsa ntchito, komanso chomwe chimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndi mabizinesi. Poganizira izi, paketi ya batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate yomwe imanyamulidwa ndi galimoto yatsopano yamaliza mayeso oletsa kutentha kwa 1300 ° C, - 20 ° C kutentha kochepa, 3.5% mchere wothira, 11 kN yakunja kuthamanga, ndi zina zotero, ndipo yapeza yankho la chitetezo cha batire la "osawopa kutentha, osawopa kuzizira, osawopa madzi, osawopa kugwedezeka".

Malinga ndi malipoti, Changan Auchan x7ev ili ndi mota yokhazikika ya maginito yolumikizana ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya 150KW, yokhala ndi mtunda wopitilira 405 km komanso batire yokhalitsa yokhala ndi nthawi 3000 ya kuchajidwa kwa cyclic. Pa kutentha kwabwinobwino, zimangotenga theka la ola kuti ziwonjezere mtunda wopitilira 300 km. "Ndipotu, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa njira yobwezeretsa mphamvu ya mabuleki, kupirira kwa galimotoyo kumatha kufika pafupifupi 420 km pansi pa mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito mumzinda," Xiong adawonjezera.

Malinga ndi dongosolo la chitukuko cha makampani opanga magalimoto atsopano amagetsi (2021-2035) (Cholembedwa cha ndemanga) choperekedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Ukadaulo Wazidziwitso, kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi kudzafika pafupifupi 25% pofika chaka cha 2025. Zikuoneka kuti chiwerengero cha magalimoto atsopano amagetsi chidzapitirira kukwera mtsogolo. Pachifukwa ichi, kuphatikizapo Chang'an Automobile, makampani odziyimira pawokha achikhalidwe akufulumizitsa kapangidwe ka msika wa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi.